TEXAS, USA — A mysterious illness affecting Texas dairy cows has been identified as Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI), commonly called "bird flu."
The Texas Department of Agriculture confirmed Monday that the HPAI strain has been going through the Texas Panhandle, leading to questions in the agriculture industry.
So far, three dairy farms in Texas have tested positive for HPAI, along with another dairy farm in Kansas.
“This presents yet another hurdle for our agriculture sector,” Texas Agriculture Commissioner Sid Miller said. “Protecting Texas producers and the safety of our food supply chain is my top priority. The Texas Department of Agriculture will use every resource available to maintain the high standards of quality and safety that define Texas agriculture.”
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The dairy industry in Texas contributes approximately $50 billion in economic activity statewide and ranks fourth in milk production nationwide.
However, Miller said rigorous safety measures and pasteurization protocols ensure dairy products remain unaffected by HPAI. Miller also said, "There is no threat to the public and there will be no supply shortages."
HPAI symptoms in cows
The Texas Department of Agriculture said cattle with the virus exhibit flu-like symptoms, including fever and thick and discolored milk.
Facilities with sick herds may also lose up to 40% of their milk production for seven to 10 days as they wait for symptoms to subside.
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Texas dairies have been advised to use standard biosecurity measures, including restricting access to essential personnel only. Dairies have also been asked to disinfect all vehicles, isolating affected cattle and destroying all contaminated milk.
"Unlike affected poultry, I foresee there will be no need to depopulate dairy herds," Miller said. "Cattle are expected to fully recover."
HPAI in other animals
Tens of thousands of seals and sea lions have died from bird flu, according to the Associated Press.
The worldwide outbreak started in 2020 and led to the deaths of millions of domesticated birds and spread to wildlife worldwide.
While the virus isn't considered a major threat to humans, the Associated Press reports that its spread in farming operations and wild ecosystems has caused widespread economic turmoil and environmental disruptions.